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Stressed out on $12 an hour

She's living paycheck to paycheck, has $11,000 in student loans and a $296-a-month car payment. What should she do?

By MSN Money Partner Mar 12, 2012 11:27AM

This post comes from J.D. Roth at partner blog Get Rich Slowly.

 

Get Rich Slowly on MSN Money

A young Get Rich Slowly reader named Rebecca dropped a line the other day looking for help. She's just getting started in life, but feels overwhelmed by personal finance. She worries about money all of the time. Here's her story:

I am 24 years old and currently work full time, but only making $12 an hour. I get paid once a month, which sucks. But the reason I am writing this email is because I need financial advice. I will tell you all my bills that I have:
I have $11,000 in student loans. I make biweekly payments, sending in $100 every two weeks. I'm nowhere near making a dent in that debt.
I have a $296 car payment, which hopefully will go down with the next car I get. I want a 2012 Camry, but I can't afford the monthly payments without leasing and I don't want to lease.
I have a $76 cellphone bill.
I have a savings account at a local credit union, which I put $200 in every month. But the $1,600 I have in my savings is going toward a down payment on my next car. That means I will have to start over on building up my savings account and I don't have an emergency fund.
I opened up a Roth IRA with a local credit union in December because I needed somewhere to roll over my $360 that had built up in my 401k at Best Buy, so I put $200 in every month. I only opened it with the credit union because everywhere else had a "minimum." I want to move to Vanguard when I hit $1,000, but I don't know if that is the best place to move to.
Besides my regular bills, I set aside $80 for gas a month, pay medical bills if I have them, and if I even have enough money left over I buy groceries when I stay at my boyfriend's house. I live paycheck to paycheck and I don't want to do that. I need help. I want out of debt. I want to be comfortable (if not more than comfortable) with money. I don't want to worry about money anymore; it's all I ever worry about.
Do you have any financial advice for me? Because I need a lot. I thought the Roth IRA was a smart move, because I don't even get retirement where I work right now, but I don't even really understand everything I should about it. When I did some research on it, it seemed to be the best option for me compared to a traditional IRA.
I think maybe I should find another job. I feel underpaid here. I've only been here four months, but have accomplished quite a bit. I get full insurance, but I don't get retirement, paid vacation, or anything. Earning $12 an hour and only getting paid monthly is terrible.

To start, I think Rebecca is a prime candidate for using the Balanced Money Formula, one of my favorite personal-finance tools. To refresh your memory, this simple budget framework contains just three categories:

  • 30% wants.
  • 20% savings.
  • 50% needs.

This budget uses take-home (after-tax) dollars as a starting point. Here's a breakdown of the three categories:

  • Needs are things you must pay no matter what: housing, food, utilities, transportation costs, insurance.
  • Wants are everything else: cable television, restaurant meals, concert tickets, comic books, clothing beyond the basics, etc.
  • Saving comes last in this plan. Everything left after you take care of wants and needs is set aside for the future. (If you want to get out of debt, that's also tackled here.)

(Post continues below.)

Going with some rough numbers, Rebecca's $12 an hour translates to $24,000 per year before taxes. Guessing a 25% tax bite leaves Rebecca with $18,000 per year, or $1,500 per month. Using the Balanced Money Formula, that means her targets should be to:

  • Spend less than $750 per month on needs.
  • Spend up to $450 per month on wants.
  • Save the rest, with a target of more than $300 per month. (And remember: With the Balanced Money Formula, debt payments count as saving.)

And what is Rebecca actually spending?

 

It's tough to say for certain, but we know she's spending at least $376 (or about 25% of her income) on her car -- and that's only for the car payment and the gas! We also know that she's setting aside $600 (or about 40% of her income) for debt reduction and savings.

 

So, based on this, I have three recommendations for Rebecca.

 

First and foremost, she should do everything possible to get her transportation costs down. They're outrageous. The car payment and the gas alone take 25% of her take-home pay. Add insurance and maintenance, and the number is probably more like 40%. This is a tremendous drag on Rebecca's budget, and she should do whatever she can to cut this number drastically. Buy a beater. Bike. Explore public transportation.

 

Aside: To look at Rebecca's transportation spending another way, one common recommendation is that people spend no more than 33% of their pretax income on housing. Rebecca's getting close to that level with just her car!

 

Second -- and I can't believe I'm saying this -- Rebecca might actually be one of those people who ought to save less than she is right now. It's admirable that she's saving 40% of her income, but it's also making things feel pinched.

 

I do not think she should touch the $1,600 she's already saved. Instead, she should use this as her basic emergency fund (using it only for emergencies). But I do think it's OK for her to stop contributing the $200 to savings if it will help take some of the financial pressure off her shoulders. If she wants to use that $200 in a productive way, she could put it toward her student loans. Then maybe it would seem like she's making a dent in them.

 

Finally, I agree with Rebecca that it's a good idea to find some ways to make more money. I don't think she should quit her job at the moment, but she might try to find a second job, make money from a hobby, or sell some of the things she owns. At this stage, every dollar of extra income will help her out.

 

Note: I also think Rebecca should ditch the expensive cellphone. I know that many folks believe smartphones are necessary, but they're not. They’re a want and not a need. Ditching the $76-a-month cellphone for a prepaid cellphone plan could probably save her about $50 a month. That's $600 a year!

 

That's what I would do if I were in Rebecca's situation.

 

What advice do you have for Rebecca? Do you agree that she should ditch her car? Or am I off target? And what about the cellphone? Looking back at your own life, what moves would you have made differently when you were 24? What did you do right? How can Rebecca go from worrying about money to feeling confident about her future?

 

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12Comments
summs100
Mar 30, 2012 12:18PM
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xyz123 u goddam stupid pathetic clown

sit on your pedestal and give bs advice

im sure your more screwed up than anyone u offer advice to

i will not drop what u said and eventually u will be caught up in the current u created

xyz123_xyz123
Mar 15, 2012 9:57PM
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Locally, wages for skilled and educated employees with less than 5 years of experience have plummeted. Skilled support staff jobs are paying much less too. A lot of people here are making it on less money than you make.

 

Do you live in a city with reliable public transit? I would get rid of the car. If you live in a low cost of living area, you can live on your own or you can have the new vehicle. Choosing an apartment on the same bus line that runs past your employer will save you a fortune.

 

Do your student loans run $100 a month? Do you want to get a second job to get rid of this debt and enslave yourself with another car payment and be forced to keep living with your family? I guess I always preferred to drive an older car and live on my own just for the freedom of other choices.

 

 

XenophonJones
Mar 14, 2012 1:38PM
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This doesn't strike me as a debt 9-1-1.  She doesn't mention any credit card debt, and $11K in student loans is pretty modest, relatively speaking.

The payment amount on the student loan sounds suspect - what's the interest on that???  Unless her credit rating is in the toilet, surely she must have the option of refinancing that obligation.  When I finished my education, I had about $34-$35K spread out over a few loans.  I consolidated those with Sallie Mae, have paid around $200/month since that time, and after about six-and-a-half years I've paid off around $10K of the original balance. That's a little less that what she's been paying and she hasn't "made a dent"?  Over what period of time?  If she can consolidate and take the payment down, that payoff is a pretty low priority.  Throw in something extra when and if she can after other expenses and debts are paid.  But for now, provided that the interest rate is civilized, the history of regular, steady payments on that type of debt will look good when/if she applies for a mortgage.

There's nothing much more to say about the car than what's already been said.  Every word she's typed about her current automobile obligations and future expectations are, well, nuts.  Time for Rebecca to get over the car she thinks she deserves.  She's got the boyfriend already and God's love isn't based on your ride.  Is she trying to impress someone, or just painfully uninformed about the reliability and good value of the used cars manufactured in the last decade?

I bought a five-year-old Ford Focus five years ago and it's still with me today at ten years old - running well, only mildly scuffed up, and three weeks from being paid off.  My payment on that was $174 per month.  Once I'm done with payments, I look forward to driving it until it's dead and smiling quietly as I watch my neighbors fritter away their futures for the sake of driving a set of sparkly wheels that impress no one.  I now make more than twice as much as Rebecca does and while I could afford to pay the same amount to buy a car, I don't know what I'd have to gain by doing so.

Brazil123
Mar 14, 2012 10:26AM
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First of all, I disagree that wants come before savings. That is NEVER the case. First come needs, than savings, than wants. The balanced money formula comes in different numbers / percentages - I have seen this same formula with all kinds of different percentages. Next, I believe Rebecca needs to sell her car and purchase a used one in excellent condition, (do not get a beater that will have high repair costs) good on gas such as a used camry, honda or the like. Ditch the cell phone for a pre-paid one definitely. Look for a better paying job with benefits while still working at the current job. Having two jobs is very strenuous and often wears on peoples health. Most of all, get rid of the student loan (interest on these loans are usually pretty high), as fast as possible by paying with an extra check towards principle every month (some of the money saved from a cheaper car payment and the savings of the cell phone are good funds to allocated towards the student loan). Being debt free is a great feeling. Do NOT stop putting money into the savings account, if it is a pinch, put in less, but do not discontinue. One should have a savings account for emergencies and a savings account for the "wants" ideally - you will get there. One step at a time does the trick. :-)
rickey G
Mar 13, 2012 12:36PM
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Been there done that - what is she rally getting for $76.00/month

cell phone service. I can live on a lot less !!! Remeber before we

had them? How many app's do you need vs how many do you want ?

Financially Yours
Mar 13, 2012 11:13AM
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If you make $12/hr, you shouldn't be driving a 2012 ANYTHING.  Buy a 3-5 year old car with 40k miles on it.  It will last long enough to get you to your next career phase, where you can afford something more luxurious.  And computers are everywhere; ditch the smartphone.  You'll get one eventually when your employer decides you must have one to answer emails 24/7, at which time, they'll foot the bill. 

 

What is the interest rate on the student loan?  Most federally subsidized loans (stafford loans) are right around 2%.  The interest savings on an $11k student loan debt with a VERY low interest rate are not worth the liquidity crunch.  I would suggest making minimum payments on the student loans, and putting the leftovers in your emergency fund.  After a few months of living expenses are saved, consider making extra contributions to your IRA or using the cash to make yourself more marketable for better jobs (attend networking events, take classes at the local college or university, enroll in a masters program...etc.).

 

 

GoCubs
Mar 13, 2012 10:56AM
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Her car payment is more in line with someone who makes 3x what she does.  In regards to her future car shopping, she should research the expected 5 year ownership costs and reliability (Edmunds.com is a good source).  Gas usage, insurance rates, maintenance costs all factor in and can make certain used vehicles stand out above others. A cheap car isn't always a deal if it comes at the expense of costly breakdowns or safety.  With transportation being such a large % of budget she really needs to research and execute her next step carefully especially when she goes to finance it (talk to your credit union).  
natemesis
Mar 13, 2012 9:22AM
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Two ways to have more money: Make more, spend less. 

The $76 cell phone bill and the $296 car payment are a huge drag on her budget, and both are almost double my phone and car payments. Half the car payment and lower the cell bill to $50 at least. All that would mean a lot to her budget.

Sell plasma or blood? This could give an extra $20-65 a week depending on how often it's done.

Full insurance is a great benefit at work. Do they pay for everything? Talking to your boss about an advance in employment won't hurt anything. It could give you an idea of their expectations.
Brock Yates (Brock Y)
Mar 13, 2012 3:32AM
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First of all I completely understand the feeling of being overwhelmed, I have been in a very similar situation. What worked for me grant it was not easy eventually got me to be debt free this past year. 

Rebecca you really need to want to be debt free and it is going to take some sacrificing, time, and a change in mindset. 

1. As everyone has said, the car is an issue and a huge drain, but how long is left until payoff? 
        - If it is longer than 12 months. Sell it and pay cash for a cheaper car. While a brand new car would be great, you are in no position to own one. Buy a used car with as stated around 60K miles. This will allow you to own it with fairly normal maintenance costs. In my experience when a vehicle hits 100-120K is when it requires a lot more attention.
2. Reduce your minimum expenses. 
       - Turn off the lights when your not in a room. Take shorter showers. Shut the computer off when it is not in use. If you have a water heater turn the temperature down a bit. Set your thermostat higher in the summer lower in the winter(65F winter 75F Summer)Use energy saving light bulbs. Cut the cable off and use only local TV. With the internet you can watch anything you want. Shop around for car insurance. Also changing to a cheaper cell phone plan would put some extra money in your pocket. 
3. Couponing.
      - There are plenty of books out there on couponing and the savings potential is huge. My girlfriend has done it and we had more stuff than what we knew to do with. We were actually giving things away because so many things were cheap or free. 
4. If you receive holiday pay, work on holidays for extra money. Many companies pay extra to work on Holidays. 
5. Look for a new job.
        - There are plenty of opportunities out there and certainly a company that will provide proper benefits. 
6. I don't think there is any reason to switch to a different company for your retirement, but there are many options out there. Do your research. I personally use options house which is quite cheap and provides adequate service. If you want to do your own investing Phil Town has a couple of books which are good starters. 
 7. Leave the emergency fund in place. You never know when you will need a little extra money. 

With all the cost cutting opportunities listed you should be able to pay more on your student loans and get out of debt quicker. If you have a University degree there are many options for a job, if not you are at least on your way to one and should finish as it will open many doors. 

I know this will be an adjustment but you have to change your thinking and get away from what society has trained you to do, which is live on credit. Remember to be patient as these changes will take time and effort. 


flamingpinhead
Mar 12, 2012 7:55PM
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Ditching the car may work in an urban environment. But out here, if you have no car, you don't go anywhere. I think she is nuts for wanting to trade on a 2012 model car. Time to get something with 75k or so on it. Sell the current ride and buy something cash. That will save a bundle.

I would mostly agree that a smartphone is not necessary. However when you sell online for self employment income and regularly do business via a website, eBay, Facebook pages and email, a smart phone makes sense.

My full time job provides a salary comparable to that of her's. However I have a house I rent for $400 a month, a $200/month electric bill, absurd heating fuel costs (oops, already over budget for the house, and my rent is CHEAP compared to what most people pay.) I have recently purchased an SUV and have paid about half of it off in the first two months of owning it (lump sum payment from tax return). I use the SUV to pull my trailer which I use for my resale business as the minivan just was not large enough anymore. Growing pains I suppose.

However all the whining aside I will take  close look at my budget. I have recently cut back to the 'lowest' high speed internet and I still do everything I need to just fine. I also cut the home phone by buying a microcell unit for my house and cut the cable back to basic. The result? a $130+ bundle bill is now $60 a month. Thankfully my spouse is receiving unemployment from her last job, else we would have to decide between paying the bills and buying groceries.

jojobene
Mar 12, 2012 2:43PM
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Rebecca, you need to call Dave Ramsey, and you need to get another part-time job.

 

Lucy USA (Littlelu9)
Mar 12, 2012 1:55PM
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Ditch the idea of a new car.  This is ridiculous for her to even consider.  Ditch the car payment...buy a beater and sell the one she has.  (take the money put into savings and

buy the beater cash.

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